Journal of the American College of Nutrition, Vol 13, Issue 6 665-671, Copyright © 1994 by American College of Nutrition

CLINICAL TRIAL

Pharmacokinetics of beta-carotene and canthaxanthin after ingestion of individual and combined doses by human subjects

W. S. White, M. Stacewicz-Sapuntzakis, J. W. Erdman Jr and P. E. Bowen
Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign.

OBJECTIVE: This study investigated effects of ingestion of a combined dose of beta-carotene and canthaxanthin on their individual pharmacokinetics in serum. METHODS: During three 5-day study periods, two subjects ingested either a 25 mg dose of beta-carotene, a 25 mg dose of canthaxanthin, or a combined dose of 25 mg each of beta-carotene and canthaxanthin. Pharmacokinetics of the individual and combined doses were compared within subjects. RESULTS: Ingestion of a concurrent beta-carotene dose reduced the peak serum canthaxanthin concentration by 38.8 +/- 6.5%, and the 24- and 72-hour areas under the serum canthaxanthin concentration-time curves by 38.1 +/- 6.4 and 34.4 +/- 7.4%, respectively. The suggested antagonism between beta-carotene and canthaxanthin was not reciprocal; beta-carotene inhibited the appearance of canthaxanthin in serum but canthaxanthin did not inhibit the appearance of beta-carotene. CONCLUSION: Our data suggest that ingestion of a combined pharmacologic dose of beta-carotene and canthaxanthin reduces the bioavailability of the canthaxanthin dose.

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