JACN Did you know that you can get alerts when a new issue is online?
HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS
QUICK SEARCH:   [advanced]


     

Services
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Similar articles in PubMed
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Right arrow reprints & permissions
Citing Articles
Right arrow Citing Articles via HighWire
Right arrow Citing Articles via Google Scholar
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Preuss, H. G.
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow PubMed Citation
Right arrow Articles by Preuss, H. G.

Journal of the American College of Nutrition, Vol 16, Issue 5 397-403, Copyright © 1997 by American College of Nutrition

JOURNAL ARTICLE

Effects of glucose/insulin perturbations on aging and chronic disorders of aging: the evidence

H. G. Preuss
Department of Medicine, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA.

Among changes associated with aging is a decline in glucose tolerance. The reported causes are increased insulin resistance from receptor and/or post receptor disturbances and diminished pancreatic islet B-cell sensitivity to glucose. Many recent reports indicate that insulin resistance with hyperinsulinemia and/or hyperglycemia contribute to or even causes many chronic disorders associated with aging, i.e., chronic metabolic perturbations including noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, obesity, hypertension, lipid abnormalities, and atherosclerosis. How could such disturbances in glucose/insulin metabolism lead to many chronic disorders associated with aging? In aging, similar to diabetes, the elevation in circulating glucose and other reducing sugars secondary to age-induced insulin resistance can react nonenzymatically with proteins and nucleic acids to form products that affect function and diminish tissue elasticity. Also, perturbations in glucose/insulin metabolism are associated with enhanced lipid peroxidation secondary to greater free radical formation. Free radicals of oxygen are important known causes of tissue damage and have been associated with many aspects of aging including inflammatory diseases, cataracts, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases. Augmented free radical formation and lipid peroxidation are not uncommon in diabetes mellitus, commonly associated with "premature aging". Ingestion of sugars, fats, and sodium have been linked to decreased insulin sensitivity, while caloric restriction, exercise, ingestion of chromium, vanadium, soluble fibers, magnesium, and certain antioxidants are associated with greater insulin sensitivity. Thus, manipulation of diet by influencing the glucose/insulin system may favorably affect lifespan and reduce the incidence of chronic disorders associated with aging.


This article has been cited by other articles:


Home page
 J. Am. Coll. Nutr.Home page
G. R. Kaats, J. E. Michalek, and H. G. Preuss
Evaluating efficacy of a chitosan product using a double-blinded, placebo-controlled protocol.
J. Am. Coll. Nutr., October 1, 2006; 25(5): 389 - 394.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci.Home page
H. G. PREUSS, D. BAGCHI, and M. BAGCHI
Protective Effects of a Novel Niacin-Bound Chromium Complex and a Grape Seed Proanthocyanidin Extract on Advancing Age and Various Aspects of Syndrome X
Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci., May 1, 2002; 957(1): 250 - 259.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.Home page
P. Iozzo, H. Beck-Nielsen, M. Laakso, U. Smith, H. Yki-Järvinen, and E. Ferrannini
Independent Influence of Age on Basal Insulin Secretion in Nondiabetic Humans
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., March 1, 1999; 84(3): 863 - 868.
[Abstract] [Full Text]

Home page
 J. Am. Coll. Nutr.Home page
H. G. Preuss
The Insulin System: Influence of Antioxidants
J. Am. Coll. Nutr., April 1, 1998; 17(2): 101 - 102.
[Full Text] [PDF]


HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS
Copyright © 1997 by the American College of Nutrition.