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Zinc and IGF-I Concentrations in Pregnant Women with Anemia before and after Supplementation with Iron and/or Zinc

Department of Pediatrics, Kumamoto University, School of Medicine (S.N., K.K.), Kumamoto, JAPAN
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jikei Hospital (Y.M., T.H.), Kumamoto, JAPAN

Address reprint requests to: Soroku Nishiyama, MD, Department of Pediatrics, Kumamoto University, School of Medicine, Honjo 1-1-1, Kumamoto 860-8556, JAPAN.

Objective: The objective of our study was to investigate zinc (Zn) status and effects of Zn supplementation in relation to insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and iron deficiency anemia in pregnant women. The role of Zn and IGF-I in hematologic abnormalities has remained unclear.

Methods: Thirty-eight Japanese women, when examined at the second trimester of pregnancy, had hemoglobin concentrations below 11.0 g/dL and 32 of 38 had normocytic erythrocytes. These 38 women were divided into three groups, and we compared the hematological status and serum IGF-I levels before and after iron (Group A) or Zn (Group B) or iron plus Zn (Group C) supplementation.

Results: The concentrations of hemoglobin (Hb) did not change in groups A and B. In group C, Hb levels were significantly increased from 10.3±0.3 to 11.0±0.6 g/dL. Furthermore, numbers of RBC and reticulocytes also increased significantly. Concentrations of iron, IGF-I and total iron binding capacity (TIBC) were increased, and concentrations of erythropoietin were decreased, but not statistically. There were significant positive correlations between increases in IGF-I and increases in Hb and RBC in the Zn administered groups.

Conclusion: Zn status to some extent can account for hematological abnormalities in pregnant women. Zn derived IGF-I has a role in the regulation of hematopoiesis in pregnant women.

Key words: pregnant women, anemia, zinc deficiency, iron deficiency, insulin-like growth factor I

Abbreviations: Zn=zinc • IGF-I=insulin-like growth factor I • RBC=red blood cells • Hb=hemoglobin • TIBC=total iron binding capacity • MCV=mean corpuscular volume • MCH=mean corpuscular hemoglobin

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