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Original Research |
International Health and Development Unit, Faculty of Medicine Nursing and Health Sciences and Asia Pacific Health and Nutrition Centre, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, AUSTRALIA (M.b.P., A.K.-B., N.W., M.L.W.),
SEAMEO-TROPMED Regional Center for Community Nutrition, University of Indonesia, Jakarta, INDONESIA (W.L.)
Department of Geriatric Medicine, Vasa Hospital, Goteborg University, SWEDEN (E.M.R., B.C.S.)
Address correspondence to: Prof. Mark Wahlqvist, International Health and Development Unit, P.O. Box 11A, Monash University, Victoria 3800, AUSTRALIA. E-mail: mark.wahlqvist{at}med.monash.edu.au.
Objectives: This study addressed whether food and nutrient intakes were correlated with skin wrinkling in a sun-exposed site.
Methods: 177 Greek-born subjects living in Melbourne (GRM), 69 Greek subjects living in rural Greece (GRG), 48 Anglo-Celtic Australian (ACA) elderly living in Melbourne and 159 Swedish subjects living in Sweden (SWE) participating in the International Union of Nutritional Sciences IUNS [Food Habits in Later Lifersqb; study had their dietary intakes measured and their skin assessed. Food and nutrient intakes were assessed using a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Skin wrinkling was measured using a cutaneous microtopographic method.
Results: SWE elderly had the least skin wrinkling in a sun-exposed site, followed by GRM, GRG and ACA. Correlation analyses on the pooled data and using the major food groups suggested that there may be less actinic skin damage with a higher intake of vegetables (rs=-0.31, p<0.0001), olive oil (rs=-0.29, p<0.0001), fish (rs=-0.24, p<0.0001) and legumes (rs=-0.16, p<0.0001), and lower intakes of butter (rs=0.46, p<0.0001) and margarine (rs=0.24, p<0.001), milk products (rs=0.16, p<0.01) and sugar products (rs=0.12, p<0.01). Similar findings were obtained using regression analyses, except fish was no longer significant; 32% of the variance for actinic skin damage was predicted by six out of the ten major food groups. In particular, a high intake of vegetables, legumes and olive oil appeared to be protective against cutaneous actinic damage (collectively explaining 20% of the variance); a high intake of meat, dairy and butter appeared to be adverse (explaining <5% of the variance). Prunes, apples and tea explained 34% of variance amongst ACA.
Conclusion: This study illustrates that skin wrinkling in a sun-exposed site in older people of various ethnic backgrounds may be influenced by the types of foods consumed.
Key words: food intake, nutrients, Caucasian elderly, actinic skin wrinkling, photoaging
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