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Plant Residue and Bacteria as Bases for Increased Stool Weight Accompanying Consumption of Higher Dietary Fiber Diets

Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, JAPAN (V.S.H., J.A.M.)
Laboratory of Nutrition, Faculty of Home Economics, Kanto Gakuin Women’s Junior College, Yokohama, JAPAN (S.K.)

View larger version (82K): [in a new window]   Figure 1. Daily excretion of plant (P), bacterial (B) and soluble (S) fractions of stool by men fed constant diets of different fiber contents. Data are mean from five men, expressed on basis of stool dry weight. The pooled SEM of all fractions is 0.71. Each fiber addition increased daily stool plant (p < 0.0001) and soluble (p < 0.02) fractions. Daily output of bacterial mass during the medium fiber phase was greater (p < 0.02) than during the low fiber phase. Significant differences were indentified by two-way analysis of variance.

View larger version (81K): [in a new window]   Figure 2. Composition of stool from men fed constant diets of different fiber contents. Data are mean ± SEM from five men. Error bars less than one are not visible on the figure. Stool ash concentration was decreased (p < 0.05) by each fiber addition. Stool fat concentration was less (p < 0.01) during the high fiber phase, compared to the low or medium fiber phase. Concentration of stool nitrogen was less (p < 0.05) during the medium and high fiber phases than during the low fiber phase. Significant differences were identified by two-way analysis of variance.

View larger version (62K): [in a new window]   Figure 3. Excretion of total sugars in fractions of feces from men fed constant diets of different fiber contents. Data are mean from five men, expressed on basis of stool dry weight. The pooled SEM of all fractions sugar data is 0.13. More sugars were excreted in plant (P) (p < 0.001) and soluble (S) (p < 0.05) fractions with each fiber addition. Daily output of bacterial (B) sugars increased (p < 0.01) only with the first fiber adddition. Significant differences were identified by two-way analysis of variance.

View larger version (122K): [in a new window]   Figure 4. Apparent digestibility of neutral sugars isolated from stool as plant material in men fed constant diets of different fiber contents. Data are the mean from five men, expressed on basis of stool dry weight. The pooled SEM of all digestibility data is 1.2. Abbreviations: ara = arabinose, xyl = xylose, man = mannose, gal = galactose, glc = glucose. Each fiber addition decreased digestibility (p < 0.001) of total neutral sugars and of each individual neutral sugar except for mannose. Significant differences were identified by two-way anaylsis of variance.