Effect of Tomato Product Consumption on the Plasma Status of Antioxidant Microconstituents and on the Plasma Total Antioxidant Capacity in Healthy Subjects

Effect of Tomato Product Consumption on the Plasma Status of Antioxidant Microconstituents and on the Plasma Total Antioxidant Capacity in Healthy Subjects

Viviane Tyssandier, PhD, Christine Feillet-Coudray, PhD, Catherine Caris-Veyrat, PhD, Jean-Claude Guilland, PhD, Charles Coudray, PhD, Sylvie Bureau, PhD, Maryse Reich, MS, Marie-Josephe Amiot-Carlin, PhD, Corinne Bouteloup-Demange, MD, Yves Boirie, MD and Patrick Borel, PhD

Unité des Maladies Métaboliques et Micronutriments, centre INRA (National Institute for Agronomic Research) de Clermont-Ferrand/Theix, Saint-Genès Champanelle (V.T., C.F.-C., C.C.), UMR sécurité et qualité des produits d’origine végétale, INRA, domaine Saint Paul/Site Agroparc, Avignon Cedex 9 (C.C.-V., S.B., M.R.,), Centre d’Explorations fonctionnelles Neuromédiateurs et Vitamines, Dijon Cedex (J.-C.G.), Unité 476 INSERM, Faculté de Médecine, Marseille Cedex 9 (M.-J.A.-C., P.B.), Unité d’exploration en nutrition, Laboratoire de nutrition humaine, Clermont-Ferrand (C.B.-D., Y.B.), FRANCE

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Fig. 1. Plasma antioxidant vitamin C ( ${square}$ ) and E (•) concentrations before the dietary intervention (initial), after supplementation for three weeks with 96 g/day tomato puree (after three-week Tom supp), and after avoidance of tomato-product-rich foods for three weeks (after three-week depl). Means ± SEM, n = 20. For a given vitamin, different superscript letters indicate that the means are significantly different (p < 0.05), as assessed by ANOVA for paired values followed by the post-hoc Newman-Keuls’ test.

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Fig. 2. Plasma carotenoid concentrations before the dietary intervention (initial), after supplementation for three weeks with 96 g/day tomato puree (after three-week Tom supp), and after avoidance of tomato-product-rich foods for three weeks (after three-week depl). ß-carotene ( ${circ}$ ), lutein (•), lycopene ( ${blacktriangleup}$ ), ß-cryptoxanthin (), ${alpha}$ -carotene ( ${square}$ ), zeaxanthin ( ${blacksquare}$ ). Means ± SEM, n = 20. For a given carotenoid, different letters indicate that the means are significantly different (p < 0.05), as assessed by ANOVA for paired values followed by the post-hoc Newman-Keuls’ test.

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Fig. 3. Plasma antioxidant trace metals status before the dietary intervention (initial), after supplementation for three weeks with 96 g/day tomato puree (after three-week Tom supp), after avoidance of tomato-product-rich foods for three weeks (after three-week depl). (•) selenium status as evaluated by GSHPx (Red blood cell glutathione peroxidase) activity (nmole/mg hemoglobin). ( ${square}$ ) copper status as evaluated by plasma copper (µmol/L). ( ${circ}$ ) zinc status as evaluated by plasma zinc (µmol/L). Means ± SEM, n = 20. There was no significant effect of the dietary intervention on trace metal status, as assessed by ANOVA for paired values.

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Fig. 4. Plasma TAOC (total antioxidant capacity) measured by chemiluminescence (•, arbitrary units, see Methods) or by the ABTS method ( ${circ}$ , units: IC₅₀/10, see Methods). Means ± SEM, n = 20. For each TAOC assay, different letters indicate that the means are significantly different (p < 0.05), as assessed by ANOVA for paired values followed by the post hoc Newman-Keuls’ test.

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Fig. 5. Correlations between the plasma status of antioxidant microconstituents and the plasma TAOC status, as measured by chemiluminescence. r represents the correlation coefficients, p the probability levels. Correlations were made with pooled data obtained at the three experimental periods in the 20 subjects.