Plasma Carotenoid and Vitamins A and E Concentrations in Older African American Women after Wheat Bran Supplementation: Effects of Age, Body Mass and Smoking History
Boyd R. Switzer, PhD,
Jan R. Atwood, RN, PhD, FAAN,
Aliza H. Stark, PhD,
John W. Hatch, DrPH,
Rebecca Travis, MPH, RD,
Fred Ullrich, BS,
Elizabeth R. Lyden, MS,
Xiumei Wu, PhD, RN,
Yulanda Chiu, PhD, RN and
Jan L. Smith, MPH, RN
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, North Carolina (B.R.S., A.H.S., J.W.H., R.T., X.W., Y.C., J.L.S.)
University of Nebraska Medical Center at Omaha, Nebraska (J.R.A., F.U., E.R.L.)

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Fig. 1. Mean plasma retinol concentrations (µg/dL) of women by pre/post fiber supplementation and by menopausal status with or without hormone replacement therapy (±HRT; p = 0.05).
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Copyright © 2005 by the American College of Nutrition.