| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
|
|
|
|||||||
|
|||||||||
Department of Family, Nutrition, and Exercise Sciences, Queens College of the City University of New York, Flushing, NY (A.K.K.)
Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Biostatistics Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (B.I.G.)
Address correspondence to: Ashima K. Kant, PhD, Professor, Dept. of Family, Nutrition, and Exercise Sciences, Remsen Hall, Room 306E, Queens College of the City University of New York, Flushing, NY 11367. E-mail: akant{at}qc.edu
Objective: Examination of dietary indexes in association with objective biomarkers of dietary intake and chronic disease risk is an important step in their validation. We compared three dietary pattern indexes—Healthy Eating Index (HEI), Recommended Foods Score (RFS-24 hour recall), and Dietary Diversity Score for recommended foods (DDS-R)—for their ability to predict biomarkers of dietary intake, obesity, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes.
Methods: We used dietary and laboratory data from the third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey to study these associations in 8719 disease-free adults aged 
20 y. The HEI, developed by the USDA, was a sum of scores on consideration of ten individual components; the RFS was a sum of all recommended foods (lean meat, poultry and fish, whole grains, fruits and juices, low-fat dairy, and vegetables) mentioned in the recall; the DDS-R examined whether or not a recommended food was mentioned from each of the five major food groups. The independent association of the dietary pattern indexes with body mass index (BMI), blood pressure, and serum concentrations of several biomarkers were examined using regression methods to adjust for multiple covariates.
Results: All indexes were strong independent positive predictors of serum concentrations of vitamin C, E, folate, and all carotenoids (p 
0.00001), except lycopene, and were negative predictors of BMI, serum homocysteine, C-reactive protein, plasma glucose, and hemoglobin A1C (p < 0.05). The RFS and DDS-R were inversely associated with blood pressure and serum cholesterol (p 0.03).
Conclusions: The RFS and DDS-R performed as well or better than the HEI for predicting serum concentration of nutrients and biomarkers of disease risk.
Key words: diet quality, dietary indexes, biomarkers, BMI, blood pressure, NHANES III, components of variance
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  A. Boynton, M. L Neuhouser, M. H Wener, B. Wood, B. Sorensen, Z. Chen-Levy, E. A Kirk, Y. Yasui, K. LaCroix, A. McTiernan, et al. Associations between healthy eating patterns and immune function or inflammation in overweight or obese postmenopausal women Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, November 1, 2007; 86(5): 1445 - 1455. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. J. Fogli-Cawley, J. T. Dwyer, E. Saltzman, M. L. McCullough, L. M. Troy, J. B. Meigs, and P. F. Jacques The 2005 Dietary Guidelines for Americans and Insulin Resistance in the Framingham Offspring Cohort Diabetes Care, April 1, 2007; 30(4): 817 - 822. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. J. Fogli-Cawley, J. T. Dwyer, E. Saltzman, M. L. McCullough, L. M. Troy, and P. F. Jacques The 2005 Dietary Guidelines for Americans Adherence Index: Development and Application J. Nutr., November 1, 2006; 136(11): 2908 - 2915. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
