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The Effect of Wheat Bran Particle Size on Laxation and Colonic Fermentation

David J.A. Jenkins, MD, PhD, FACN,, Cyril W.C. Kendall, PhD,, Vladimir Vuksan, PhD,, Livia S.A. Augustin, MSc,, Yu-Min Li, MD, Brenda Lee, MSc, Christine C. Mehling, RD, Tina Parker, RD, Dorothea Faulkner, RD, Hilda Seyler, MSc, Edward Vidgen, BS, and Victor Fulgoni, III, PhD

Clinical Nutrition and Risk Factor Modification Center (D.J.A.J., C.W.C.K., L.S.A.A., V.V., B.L., C.C.M., T.P., D.F., H.S., E.V.) St. Michael’s Hospital
Department of Nutritional Sciences (D.J.A.J., C.W.C.K., L.S.A.A., V.V., Y.-M.L., E.V.) University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario
The Kellogg Company, Battle Creek, Michigan (V.F.)



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  		Fig. 1. Individual and mean (±SE) differences in fecal bulk from the low-fiber control for the coarse and fine wheat brans on both the metabolic (n=23) and ad libitum (n=24) studies. Compared with the low-fiber control, the fine and medium particle size wheat brans increased mean daily fecal output in the metabolic study (58±21 g/d, p=0.012 and 68±25 g/d, p=0.011, respectively), and a similar increase was seen with the medium and coarse wheat brans in the ad libitum study (45±14 g/d, p=0.003 and 41±12 g/d p=0.002, respectively).

 


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  		Fig. 2. Individual and mean (±SE) percentage differences in fecal butyrate concentrations for fine versus medium particle size and fine versus low-fiber control treatments on the metabolic study (n=21). Fine wheat bran increased mean fecal butyrate concentrations by 34±13% (p=0.013) compared with the low-fiber control and 33±13% (p=0.023) compared with medium particle size wheat bran.

 


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  		Fig. 3. Breath methane profile (12 hour) on the metabolic studies (n=21). Fine wheat bran increased mean daily methane concentration when the data from the medium particle size wheat bran and low-fiber control were combined (p=0.025 CONTRAST statement PROC GLM/SAS) [38].

 




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